Archaeological Remote Sensing of Lahore Fort - Pakistan Using Multi-Temporal Drone, Thermal and RADAR Imagery

A recent accidental discovery of a second Shahi Hammam within the Lahore Fort has sparked renewed archaeological interest in uncovering hidden Mughal structures. This study leverages multi-temporal drone, thermal infrared (TIR), and RADAR imagery to identify subsurface features using advanced techniques such as SAR polarization analysis, Land Surface Temperature (LST) derivation from OLI, and Gray-Level Co-Occurrence Matrix (GLCM) for texture analysis. Drones were employed for ground truthing and the creation of a 3D map, marking Pakistan's first attempt at 3-D archaeological heritage mapping. The tailored process developed here holds promise for advancing digital archaeology in the region.

Tanweer, R., & Imran Shahzad, M. (2024). Archaeological Remote Sensing of Lahore Fort - Pakistan Using Multi-Temporal Drone, Thermal and RADAR Imagery. 2024 International Conference on Frontiers of Information Technology (FIT), 01–06. https://doi.org/10.1109/fit63703.2024.10838429