Exploring Bare-Hand Interaction Design and Evaluation Method for Interactive Experience of Cultural Heritage: A Case Study on the Digital Reconstruction of Yungang Grottoes

A novel bare-hand interaction (BHI) system for digital cultural heritage experiences significantly reduces cognitive load and enhances usability, immersion, and user satisfaction. Researchers developed a BHI-based interactive narrative system for the central pagoda of Yungang Grottoes demonstrating that specific narrative strategies and hand-interaction models optimize virtual heritage engagement. The study employed a combined subjective-objective evaluation method, measuring brain activity (HbO2 data), NASA-TLX scores, performance metrics, user satisfaction, and immersion levels. Findings indicate this approach is universally applicable for refining digital cultural heritage experiences and offers valuable insights for human-computer interaction research.

Qiao, Z., Song, F., Hu, W., Wang, W., Xu, J., & Liu, Y. (2025). Exploring Bare-Hand Interaction Design and Evaluation Method for Interactive Experience of Cultural Heritage: A Case Study on the Digital Reconstruction of Yungang Grottoes. International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction, 42(2), 1015–1031. https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2025.2517809