Combined use of 3D metric surveys and non-invasive geophysical surveys at the Stylite Tower (Umm ar-Rasas, Jordan).

Non-invasive geophysical and 3D metric surveys reveal critical structural insights for the preservation of Umm ar-Rasas' Stylite Tower, a UNESCO-listed symbol of Jordanian heritage. The study employed photogrammetry, laser scanning, and ground-penetrating radar (GPR) to document deterioration patterns such as plaster detachment, water infiltration, erosion, and fractures without damaging the monument. These techniques provided high-resolution data essential for structuring diagnostic, consolidation, and restoration efforts, ensuring both public safety and the long-term preservation of this unique ancient structure.

Cozzolino, M., Gabrielli, R., Galata’, P., Gentile, V., Greco, G., & Scopinaro, E. (2019). Combined use of 3D metric surveys and non-invasive geophysical surveys at the Stylite Tower (Umm ar-Rasas, Jordan). Annals of Geophysics, 62(3), SE339. https://doi.org/10.4401/ag-8060