Late Quaternary Paleoecology and Environmental History of the Hortobágy, an Alkaline Steppe in Central Europe

Research challenges the long-held belief that Hungary's Hortobágy National Park—the Puszta, a UNESCO-listed alkaline steppe, was shaped by 19th-century human interventions. Instead, paleoecological and paleobiological evidence reveals its origins trace back to the end of the Ice Age, with minimal impact from early grazing practices. The study, using long-term data analysis, highlights that while ancient human activities had negligible influence on this unique ecosystem, 19th-century drainage and intensive agriculture significantly altered its landscape. This work underscores the natural resilience of alkaline steppes and provides critical insights for conservation efforts in similar cultural landscapes.

Szilágyi, G., Gulyás, S., Vári, T. Z., & Sümegi, P. (2024). Late Quaternary Paleoecology and Environmental History of the Hortobágy, an Alkaline Steppe in Central Europe. Diversity, 16(1), 67. https://doi.org/10.3390/d16010067