Non-Glazed Ceramics from Kazan and the Kazan Kremlin on the Basis of Works by N.F. Kalinin

A pioneering classification of non-glazed ceramics from the medieval Kazan Kremlin and Kazan, based on N.F. Kalinin's archaeological work (1923–1956), reveals significant insights into the region's ceramic production during the Bolgar-Tatar and Russian periods. Kalinin introduced technological attributes—such as texture, shard color, thickness, and density—to categorize ceramics, distinguishing six groups for Bolgar-Tatar pottery and four for Russian pottery, alongside identifying molded ceramics. This systematic approach not only advances the understanding of Kazan's history but also provides a framework for studying regional ceramic traditions more broadly.

Khaziev, A. I. (2019). Non-Glazed Ceramics from Kazan and the Kazan Kremlin on the Basis of Works by N.F. Kalinin. Povolzhskaya Arkheologiya (the Volga River Region Archaeology), 2(28), 144–157. https://doi.org/10.24852/pa2019.2.28.144.157