Intangible cultural heritage complexes in China: Representation and restoration of pigmented reliefs in Kaiping Diaolou

Scientific analysis reveals the composition and durability of pigments used in the decorative art of Kaiping Diaolou. The study identifies green pigment as a mixture of colored copper arsenate minerals, red as hematite (Fe2O3), white as calcite, and blue as either lapis lazuli or synthetic ultramarine. Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy confirmed the pigments' structural similarities, while UV aging experiments demonstrated that antioxidants effectively inhibited degradation, reducing interface cracking. Tensile tests showed optimal bond stress at 0.193 MPa under specific humidity and temperature conditions. These findings provide a robust scientific basis for pigment restoration in Kaiping Diaolou and offer valuable insights for conserving similar historical architectural decorations.

Li, Q., Sang, T., Li, Y., Li, M., & Sun, Q. (2023). Intangible cultural heritage complexes in China: Representation and restoration of pigmented reliefs in Kaiping Diaolou. BioResources, 18(3), 5665–5682. https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.18.3.5665-5682