Reducing UHI in historical centres: the greening transformation of open small spaces in San Lorenzo district in the city of Naples (Italy)

Targeted greening interventions in small, open spaces within historical city centers can significantly mitigate Urban Heat Island (UHI) effects and improve thermal comfort. A study focusing on the San Lorenzo district of Naples demonstrates that restoring inner courtyards—originally designed as gardens or orange groves—to their green function enhances cooling potential in dense, heritage-constrained urban fabrics. Using ENVI-met 5.7 simulations, researchers modeled microclimatic conditions under current and greened scenarios, incorporating detailed urban morphology, vegetation types, and local climate data. The findings highlight the physiological benefits of such interventions, as measured by indices like Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET) and Mean Radiant Temperature (MRT), offering a sustainable approach to urban planning that addresses thermal discomfort and energy consumption in Mediterranean historical centers.

Gargiulo, C., Stiuso, T., & Zucaro, F. (2025). Reducing UHI in historical centres: the greening transformation of open small spaces in San Lorenzo district in the city of Naples (Italy). TeMA - Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment, 2, 67–87. https://doi.org/10.6093/1970-9870/12416