The Conundrum of Great Zimbabwe

Great Zimbabwe, a monumental stone settlement from 1100 to 1700 CE, presents a conundrum due to its massive structures and their sustained functionality. Research reveals that the settlement's design, including water reservoirs and perimeter walls, extended beyond the core urban area, supporting a large population for centuries. This layout played a crucial role in resource management, particularly water, which was pivotal in the development and persistence of the settlement. The study reconsiders Great Zimbabwe's functioning, offering insights relevant to modern urban design, architecture, energy efficiency, and environmental sustainability.

Pikirayi, I., Sulas, F., Chirikure, S., Chikumbirike, J., & Sagiya, M. E. (2023). The Conundrum of Great Zimbabwe. Journal of Urban Archaeology, 7, 95–114. https://doi.org/10.1484/j.jua.5.133452