Genetics as a novel tool in mining impact assessment and biomonitoring of critically endangered western chimpanzees in the Nimba Mountains, Guinea

A groundbreaking study reveals that non-invasive genetic sampling is highly effective for monitoring critically endangered western chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) in the Nimba Mountains, Guinea—a region under consideration for mining activities. Analyzing 663 fecal samples from 999 collected between 2003 and 2018 using 26 microsatellites, researchers identified at least 136 chimpanzees across four communities, demonstrating high genetic diversity, shared ancestry, and evidence of migratory events. Sampling saturation was achieved in two communities, with capture rates exceeding estimated population sizes by 3.2 to 4.3 times. The study underscores the potential of genetic censusing, combined with camera trapping, as a robust tool for Environmental and Social Impact Assessments (ESIA), enabling long-term biomonitoring and conservation management. This approach provides critical baselines for implementing mitigation strategies and safeguarding chimpanzee populations in mineral-rich but ecologically sensitive areas.

Koops, K., Humle, T., Frandsen, P., Fitzgerald, M., D’Auvergne, L., Jackson, H. A., Børsting, C., Siegismund, H. R., Soumah, A. G., & Hvilsom, C. (2023). Genetics as a novel tool in mining impact assessment and biomonitoring of critically endangered western chimpanzees in the Nimba Mountains, Guinea. Conservation Science and Practice, 5(4). Portico. https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.12898