Characteristics of Quality and Flow of Water Resources at Palaces in Seoul Metropolitan

A study on the water resources of five palaces, including Jongmyo Shrine, in Seoul Metropolitan, revealed that groundwater levels were generally shallow (within 5 meters from the surface) and exhibited natural characteristics influenced by water-rock interactions. Hydraulic gradients indicated groundwater flow directions, with most flowing southward except for Deoksugung, where it flowed eastward. Notably, nitrate contamination exceeding Korean drinking water standards was detected in two wells during one sampling campaign. The research highlights the importance of careful material selection for restoration to preserve natural integrity and emphasizes the need for systematic monitoring due to potential impacts from urban construction and pollution sources.

Naranchimeg., B., Lee, J.-M., Woo, N.-C., Kim, Y.-T., & Lee, K.-J. (2011). Characteristics of Quality and Flow of Water Resources at Palaces in Seoul Metropolitan. Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment, 16(2), 61–76. https://doi.org/10.7857/JSGE.2011.16.2.061