Microbially induced deterioration of architectural heritages: routes and mechanisms involved

Microorganisms such as algae, cyanobacteria, and fungi significantly contribute to the deterioration of historic monuments, including the Taj Mahal. These microbes invade stone substrates like marble and limestone, interacting with their mineral matrix under varying environmental conditions. This interaction leads to a loss of structural integrity, durability, and aesthetic appeal through multiple biodeterioration mechanisms. The study reviews these routes and mechanisms, while also discussing current remedial methodologies and suggesting future research directions to better understand and mitigate microbial damage to architectural heritage.

Dakal, T. C., & Cameotra, S. S. (2012). Microbially induced deterioration of architectural heritages: routes and mechanisms involved. Environmental Sciences Europe, 24(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/2190-4715-24-36