Climate-adaptive thermal behaviour of Howzkhaneh passive cooling systems under diverse climatic conditions

Howzkhaneh passive cooling systems, featuring indoor central pools and natural ventilation, can reduce indoor temperatures by 21–23 °C under extreme outdoor conditions (38–44 °C) without external power, maintaining thermal comfort (22–27 °C) in arid and semi-arid climates. A computational study across Yazd, Tabriz, and Shiraz demonstrated their effectiveness in handling cooling loads of 14–16 kW while raising humidity to near-saturation levels (90–100%). The findings highlight the system's potential for retrofitting heritage buildings and guiding sustainable design in hot climates.

Adibi, T., Neghabi, M., Ahmed, S. F., Ebadi, R., Azad, A. K., & Alotaibi, H. (2026). Climate-adaptive thermal behaviour of Howzkhaneh passive cooling systems under diverse climatic conditions. Case Studies in Thermal Engineering, 79, 107766. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csite.2026.107766