Not a camp but a garrison

Archaeological evidence suggests that the Viking-era city of Birka, Sweden, housed a garrison distinct from known military camps. Unlike temporary encampments outside Scandinavia, Birka's garrison reflects a more permanent and localized martial organization. This study compares structural and material remains to highlight similarities and differences between home-based garrisons and foreign military operations, offering new insights into Viking Age military logistics and regional dynamics.

Hedenstierna-Jonson, C. (2023). Not a camp but a garrison. Viking Camps, 274–293. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003347682-16