The Neolithic flint mines of Spiennes (Belgium)

The Neolithic flint mines of Spiennes, Belgium, stand out as a remarkable example of early mining practices in North-Western Europe, dating back to the end of the fifth millennium BC. This UNESCO World Heritage Site, discovered in the late 19th century, spans over 100 hectares and showcases sophisticated mining techniques used to extract large flint slabs from depths of 15 to 16 meters. The site's significance is further underscored by its nearly 2000-year exploitation period and the proximity of an enclosed settlement. Ongoing archaeological research, supported by continuous investment from the Public Service of Wallonia, continues to uncover new data, contributing valuable insights into Neolithic mining and knapping techniques.

Collet, H., & Collin, J.-P. (2023). The Neolithic flint mines of Spiennes (Belgium). Prehistoric Flint Mines in Europe, 103–130. https://doi.org/10.2307/jj.8816101.8