High prevalence ofLeucocytozoonspp. in the endangered yellow-eyed penguin (Megadyptes antipodes) in the sub-Antarctic regions of New Zealand

A high prevalence of Leucocytozoon spp. infection, particularly on Enderby Island, is linked to significant chick mortality in endangered yellow-eyed penguins (Megadyptes antipodes). The study found that 73.7% of adult penguins from Enderby Island tested positive for the parasite during the 2006/07 breeding season, with histological evidence confirming infection in one chick. This prevalence contrasts sharply with lower rates on Campbell Island (21%) and mainland New Zealand (11%). Genetic analysis revealed that Leucocytozoon in Enderby penguins is distinct from other populations, suggesting localized adaptation or transmission dynamics. While the exact role of the parasite in mortality remains unclear, these findings highlight its potential as a contributing factor to population declines.

ARGILLA, L. S., HOWE, L., GARTRELL, B. D., & ALLEY, M. R. (2013). High prevalence ofLeucocytozoonspp. in the endangered yellow-eyed penguin (Megadyptes antipodes) in the sub-Antarctic regions of New Zealand. Parasitology, 140(5), 672–682. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0031182012002089