Characterization of Wall Paintings of the Harem Court in the Alhambra Monumental Ensemble: Advantages and Limitations of In Situ Analysis

A non-invasive analysis of the Alhambra's Harem Court wall paintings reveals distinct decorative techniques and pigments, including hematite, lapis lazuli, cinnabar, and possibly carbon. Using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and Raman spectroscopy, researchers differentiated between gypsum plasterwork and lime plaster paintings, while principal component analysis (PCA) identified signs of past interventions through the presence of Pb, Ba, and Zn. Cross-sectional microsamples confirmed a secco-technique with calcium oxalate, though gypsum migration and surface deterioration were noted. The in situ study's representativeness allowed for extensive area analysis, offering insights into conservation challenges and historical interventions.

Arjonilla, P., Domínguez-Vidal, A., Rubio Domene, R., Correa Gómez, E., de la Torre-López, M. J., & Ayora-Cañada, M. J. (2022). Characterization of Wall Paintings of the Harem Court in the Alhambra Monumental Ensemble: Advantages and Limitations of In Situ Analysis. Molecules, 27(5), 1490. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27051490