Hydrogeochemical formation mechanism of springs in Huanglong, a world natural heritage, Sichuan, China

A study of Huanglong World Natural Heritage site reveals that the unique alpine karst landscape, featuring calcareous pools and travertine formations, is primarily shaped by water–rock interactions. The hydrochemical composition of its springs, dominated by Ca²⁺ and HCO₃⁻ ions, originates from carbonate mineral weathering and dissolution. Using mathematical statistics, cluster analysis, and the Gibbs model, researchers determined that while tourism has some impact, alternating cation adsorption does not significantly alter the hydrochemistry. This research provides critical insights for the sustainable management of Huanglong's water resources, supporting conservation efforts to preserve its extraordinary geological features.

Liu, X., Shen, T., Gao, W., Tang, J., Zhang, Q., Yang, T., & Luo, X. (2026). Hydrogeochemical formation mechanism of springs in Huanglong, a world natural heritage, Sichuan, China. Water Practice & Technology, 21(5), 1904–1914. https://doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2026.286