Selective Logging and Damage to Unharvested Trees in a Hyrcanian Forest of Iran

Selective logging in the Hyrcanian Forests of Iran causes significant damage to unharvested trees, with 9.8 trees damaged for every one extracted—including 8 destroyed or severely injured per harvested tree. The most common damages include uprooted stems, cambial layer wounds, and bark scrapes, with skid trails being hotspots for tree injury. This study highlights the need for stricter supervision of logging operations to mitigate harm to residual trees and maintain forest health.

Behjou, F. K., & Ghafarzade Mollabashi, O. (2012). SELECTIVE LOGGING AND DAMAGE TO UNHARVESTED TREES IN A HYRCANIAN FOREST OF IRAN. BioResources, 7(4). https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.7.4.4867-4874