Heaven and Earth—Sustaining Elements in Hakka Tulou

Hakka architecture, particularly the roundhouses known as tulou, exemplifies the adaptability and sustainability of ancient Chinese building practices. These structures, found in the mountainous regions of Guangdong, Fujian, and Jiangxi, not only provided environmental sustainability but also fostered material, social, and spiritual well-being for their inhabitants. The study highlights how the Hakka people, during their fourth migration, returned to traditional northern plain building styles, as seen in Wufenglou in southern Guangdong. This architectural innovation demonstrates a deep cultural connection between ancient northern traditions and modern southern Hakka culture, offering insights into the enduring legacy of sustainable design.

Lowe, K. D. (2012). Heaven and Earth—Sustaining Elements in Hakka Tulou. Sustainability, 4(11), 2795–2802. https://doi.org/10.3390/su4112795