Melt inclusion constraints on the magma source of Eyjafjallajökull 2010 flank eruption

A 2010 flank eruption of Eyjafjallajökull volcano, Iceland, revealed that its magma source is linked to those of Katla and Surtsey basalts, with a dominant contribution from the Katla source. This finding was derived from analyzing melt inclusions (MIs) in olivine phenocrysts, which preserved primary magma compositions before ascent and differentiation. The study identified two basaltic end-members mixed during magma formation, with trace element data indicating significant proportions of recycled oceanic crust in their mantle sources. The compositional range of MIs (MgO 5.2–7.2 wt%) reflected binary mixing followed by fractional crystallization, providing rare insights into deep magmatic processes in Iceland.

Moune, S., Sigmarsson, O., Schiano, P., Thordarson, T., & Keiding, J. K. (2012). Melt inclusion constraints on the magma source of Eyjafjallajökull 2010 flank eruption. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 117(B9). Portico. https://doi.org/10.1029/2011jb008718