Inter-sexual phenotypic divergence is correlated with habitat structure in an invasive lizard

Research on the Ogasawara Islands reveals that sexual dimorphism in invasive green anoles (Anolis carolinensis) is shaped by habitat structure, with male limb length adapting more dynamically than females. This divergence suggests exploitation of niche space, where males adjust to local conditions independently of females, potentially influencing intra-specific competition and invasive success. The study analyzed phenotypic traits across islands, providing evidence that ecological drivers, rather than sexual selection alone, play a significant role in shaping dimorphism. These findings parallel broader patterns observed in anole communities and underscore the importance of habitat structure in driving adaptive divergence.

Morooka, M., Quitián, M., & Cronin, A. L. (2025). Inter-sexual phenotypic divergence is correlated with habitat structure in an invasive lizard. Behavioral Ecology, 36(3). https://doi.org/10.1093/beheco/araf033