Mainstreaming climate adaptation and mitigation policy: Towards multi-level climate governance in Melaka, Malaysia

Melaka, Malaysia, serves as a model for integrating climate adaptation and mitigation policies through multi-level governance, demonstrating how supportive sub-national policies can bridge gaps between national and local scales. This study highlights the city's role as a testing ground for climate mitigation projects, aiming to reduce carbon emissions while fostering dynamic horizontal and vertical interactions across administrative levels. A dual approach—combining top-down and bottom-up collaboration—emerges as a key strategy for effective governance, with potential applications for other Malaysian states and regions with similar ecological and economic contexts.

Zen, I. S., Al-Amin, A. Q., & Doberstein, B. (2019). Mainstreaming climate adaptation and mitigation policy: Towards multi-level climate governance in Melaka, Malaysia. Urban Climate, 30, 100501. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim.2019.100501