Brutalification of heritage: simulacra of the pearling path, Al Muharraq

Research on the Pearling Path, Al Muharraq, Bahrain, introduces 'Brutalification' as a cultural process where Brutalist architecture symbolically represents intangible pearling heritage. The study reveals that these simulacra—architectural projects lacking tangible referents—are perceived as authentic and accepted representations of heritage, despite their staged or existential authenticity. Using qualitative-interpretive methodology, the research categorizes these simulacra under Baudrillard's order and analyzes spatial voids to understand their role in heritage consumption. The findings highlight how contemporary architectural interventions, designed by renowned firms post-UNESCO designation (2012), contribute to a tangible interpretation of intangible traditions.

Hanif, S., Abid, N., & Ilgın, H. E. (2026). Brutalification of heritage: simulacra of the pearling path, Al Muharraq. Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change, 1–30. https://doi.org/10.1080/14766825.2026.2695370