The role of intangible assets in the conservation of Bam and its cultural landscape as a World Heritage site

Bam's Citadel, the world's largest mud-brick structure, retains its authenticity and integrity even after surviving a devastating 2003 earthquake, contributing significantly to its designation as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Beyond its tangible architecture, Bam's intangible heritage—such as the legend of Haftvad, Silk Road connections, and rituals tied to Imam Zaman and Ashura—plays a crucial role in its cultural significance. While traditional conservation focuses on pragmatic restoration of physical structures, preserving intangible elements requires more nuanced approaches. This study highlights the interplay between Bam's architectural heritage and its intangible assets, emphasizing the need for sophisticated methods to safeguard both aspects to fully appreciate the site's cultural importance.

Amirjamshidi, G., Fodde, E., D’Ayala, D., & Mokhtari, E. (2012). The role of intangible assets in the conservation of Bam and its cultural landscape as a World Heritage site. Sustainable Tourism V, 1, 393–402. https://doi.org/10.2495/st120321