Assessment of Architectural Typologies and Comparative Analysis of Defensive Rammed Earth Dwellings in the Fujian Region, China

Despite their shared earthen defensive functions, Fujian's Tulou, Tubao, and Zhailu represent distinct architectural typologies. A comparative analysis of five key aspects—origin, plan type, function, structure, and ethical concepts—reveals their differences: Tubao is a hierarchical defensive dwelling, Tulou combines defense with residence in simpler structures, while Zhailu merges living and defense. This study clarifies their unique features, providing a methodological framework for distinguishing similar buildings globally. It also offers guidance for restoration and sustainable development of these heritage sites.

Lin, X., Zhang, Y., Wu, Y., & Yang, Y. (2024). Assessment of Architectural Typologies and Comparative Analysis of Defensive Rammed Earth Dwellings in the Fujian Region, China. Buildings, 14(11), 3652. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14113652