Evolution of the dry zone water harvesting and management systems in Sri Lanka during the Anuradhapura Kingdom; a study based on ancient chronicles and lithic inscriptions

A comprehensive analysis of ancient water harvesting and management systems in Sri Lanka's dry zone during the Anuradhapura Kingdom (5th century BCE to 10th century CE) reveals significant insights into their spatial-temporal evolution. By systematically assessing 837 records from inscriptions and chronicles, the study identifies a peak in activity around the second century CE, with Anuradhapura district showing the highest density of information. The analysis highlights that 43.2% of records mention tanks or their construction, while grants of irrigation and irrigation incomes account for 33% and 9%, respectively. Geocoding was successful for 40 records, and 173 text passages were linked to specific kings' reigns. This study underscores the potential of ancient written sources in reconstructing the administrative and spatial development of historical water management systems.

Abeywardana, N., Pitawala, H. M. T. G. A., Schütt, B., & Bebermeier, W. (2019). Evolution of the dry zone water harvesting and management systems in Sri Lanka during the Anuradhapura Kingdom; a study based on ancient chronicles and lithic inscriptions. Water History, 11(1-2), 75–103. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12685-019-00230-7