Systematic Review: The Ecology and Cultural Significance of Oysters in the Arabian Gulf

Oyster reefs in the Arabian Gulf, primarily composed of the pearl oyster Pinctada radiata, serve as critical ecological and cultural keystones, yet face severe threats from coastal urbanization and pollution. A systematic review of 1400 publications identified 42 studies that highlight their roles in sediment stabilization, water filtration, and providing nursery habitats for fisheries, while also revealing significant bioaccumulation of heavy metals, indicating widespread contamination. Historically tied to the Gulf's pearling economy, these reefs are now the focus of restoration efforts using sustainable modules across traditional dive sites. However, knowledge gaps persist regarding spatial mapping, climate change impacts, pollutant interactions, and long-term restoration success in hypersaline conditions. The study emphasizes the need for an integrated management approach combining monitoring, pollution mitigation, adaptive restoration, and community engagement to protect both the ecosystems and their cultural significance.

Alkhuzaei, M., Aljenaid, S., & Mohamed, G. (2025). Systematic Review: The Ecology and Cultural Significance of Oysters in the Arabian Gulf. Diversity, 17(8), 565. https://doi.org/10.3390/d17080565