Qatar in the Ottoman and British Strategies in the Arabian Gulf (1305–1331 AH/1888–1913 CE): A Historical Study in the Light of Ottoman Documents

The 1913 Convention marked the first formal recognition of Qatar as a distinct political entity under the Al-Thani family, reshaping its sovereignty amid rivalry between the Ottoman Empire and Britain. This study reveals how Qatar became a strategic battleground, with Ottomans consolidating control through administrative and legal measures while Britain sought dominance via settlement projects in al-Zubarah and al-`Udayd to secure routes to India. Ottoman documents highlight this as a pivotal moment, transitioning Qatar from contested territory to an independent entity within broader geopolitical struggles between Islam and Western colonialism.

(Ed.). (2026). Qatar in the Ottoman and British Strategies in the Arabian Gulf (1305–1331 AH/1888–1913 CE): A Historical Study in the Light of Ottoman Documents. International Journal of Islamic Thought, 29. https://doi.org/10.24035/ijit.29.2026.349