The Early Intermediate Period, ad 1–650

A significant archaeological discovery at Los Esteros Bay, Manta, Ecuador, revealed large painted ceramic figurines linked to the Bahia culture, contemporary with Chavin's Janabarriu phase. These figurines depict high-ranking individuals and highlight the importance of trade in ceramics during the Early Intermediate Period (ad 1–650). The study emphasizes the enduring influence of the Chavin de Huantar ceremonial center on Peruvian South Coast ceramics, despite its abandonment before 200 bc. Trade was not only driven by the material value but also the symbolic significance of these artifacts. The research integrates the Rowe-Menzel chronology with regional chronologies to provide a comprehensive understanding of this period.

Quilter, J. (2022). The Early Intermediate Period, ad 1–650. The Ancient Central Andes, 170–203. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003038252-7