Les fortifications médiévales et modernes de Besançon : étude historique et archéologique

A comprehensive study of Besançon's fortifications from 1290 to 1789 reveals five distinct evolutionary phases, shaped by political upheavals and military strategies. The research combines archival analysis with architectural archaeology, uncovering lost defensive structures and tracing their transformation through medieval, early modern, Vauban-era, and later adaptations. Key findings highlight the city's strategic significance, with its morpho-geological advantages influencing fortification design across centuries. Seven specific structures were examined in detail, providing insights into construction techniques and historical context.

Berger, A. Les fortifications médiévales et modernes de Besançon : étude historique et archéologique. https://doi.org/10.70675/a46ce578z6174z457czb2caz91c62b284ea5