Raffles City in Hangzhou China -The Engineering of a 'Vertical City' of Vibrant Waves-

Raffles City Hangzhou (RCH), a mixed-use development near the Qiantang River, exemplifies advanced engineering in creating free-form, hybrid structures. The 60-story complex features two 250-meter twisting towers with wave-like designs, integrating retail, offices, housing, and hotels across nearly 400,000 square meters. Its structural system combines a composite moment frame with concrete core, utilizing concrete-filled steel tubular (CFT) columns and steel-reinforced concrete (SRC) beams for the outer frame, while internal slabs are reinforced concrete. This study provides a detailed analysis of the design and construction challenges of such complex, multi-functional skyscrapers, offering valuable insights for future projects in cultural landscapes like Hangzhou's Quianjiang New Town Area.

Wang, A. J. (2017). Raffles City in Hangzhou China -The Engineering of a “Vertical City” of Vibrant Waves-. International Journal of High-Rise Buildings, 6(1), 33–47. https://doi.org/10.21022/IJHRB.2017.6.1.33