Assessment of Sustainable World Heritage Areas in Saudi Arabia Based on Climate Change Impacts on Vulnerability Using RS and GIS

Most of Saudi Arabia's World Heritage Sites, including its rock art, face moderate vulnerability to climate change impacts. A study using Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) analyzed 20 years of satellite data to assess spatial environmental changes in temperature, humidity, and precipitation patterns. By integrating three sub-models into a climatology model, researchers classified vulnerable sites into five risk categories. The findings highlight the need for proactive conservation strategies to align with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 11 (sustainable cities) and SDG 13 (climate action). This approach supports evidence-based decision-making for heritage preservation.

Ramadan, R. H., Ramadan, M. S., Alkadi, I. I., Alogayell, H. M., Ismail, I. Y., & Khairy, N. (2022). Assessment of Sustainable World Heritage Areas in Saudi Arabia Based on Climate Change Impacts on Vulnerability Using RS and GIS. Sustainability, 14(23), 15831. https://doi.org/10.3390/su142315831