Subsistence Actions at Çatalhöyük *

Aurochs and leopards, along with other wild animals, dominated the symbolism at Çatalhöyük, suggesting a deep cultural connection to these species during the Neolithic period (7400–6200 cal BCE). Archaeobotanical research indicates that crop husbandry played a significant role in subsistence, implying complex social relationships and careful manipulation of resources for communal feasting. The site's unique architecture—comprising superimposed mudbrick buildings without public spaces—highlights its distinct settlement pattern, contrasting with later Near Eastern urban forms.

Russell, N., & Bogaard, A. (2016). Subsistence Actions at Çatalhöyük *. Agency and Identity in the Ancient near East, 63–79. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315539256-5