Simulation of suspended sediment and black carbon transport in surface water layer of Ha Long bay

A simulation using the Delft3D model reveals significant seasonal variations in suspended sediment and black carbon concentrations in Ha Long Bay's surface waters. During the rainy season, higher concentrations of 50–130 g/m³ are observed near western Cat Ba Island and Cua Luc, while offshore areas show lower levels (2–20 g/m³). In contrast, dry season averages range from 110–150 g/m³. Particulate carbon exhibits a similar trend, with rainy season values of 0.0016–0.0028 kg/m³ and dry season values as low as 0.0001–0.005 kg/m³. These findings align with prior experimental studies, providing critical insights into sediment dynamics in this UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Cuong, L. D., & Thao, N. V. (2019). Simulation of suspended sediment and black carbon transport in surface water layer of Ha Long bay. Tạp Chí Khoa Học Và Công Nghệ Biển, 19(2), 233–241. https://doi.org/10.15625/1859-3097/19/2/9729