Evaluation of a Sustainable Urban Transportation System in Terms of Traffic Congestion—A Case Study in Taxila, Pakistan

A parking area emerges as the most sustainable solution to reduce traffic congestion at Taxila's intersection, according to a multi-method study combining fuzzy AHP-TOPSIS, fuzzy AHP-VIKOR, and traffic simulation software. Despite initial survey-based preferences favoring flyovers, on-site observations and literature reviews confirmed that expanding parking capacity would better address congestion while aligning with sustainable urban transportation principles. The research leveraged stakeholder input and advanced decision-making techniques to evaluate alternatives, offering actionable insights for Taxila's proximity to Pakistan’s economic hubs—Islamabad and Rawalpindi—while balancing infrastructure efficiency and environmental impact.

Raza, A., Ali, M. U., Ullah, U., Fayaz, M., Alvi, M. J., Kallu, K. D., Zafar, A., & Nengroo, S. H. (2022). Evaluation of a Sustainable Urban Transportation System in Terms of Traffic Congestion—A Case Study in Taxila, Pakistan. Sustainability, 14(19), 12325. https://doi.org/10.3390/su141912325