A Comparative Study of the Design of East Asian Royal Gardens

A novel design analysis framework for East Asian royal gardens, centered on the interrelationships between 'user–garden–environment,' has been developed and validated through comparative studies. This framework enables a systematic examination of gardens from a 'people, objects, and environment' perspective, addressing limitations in existing research methodologies. By analyzing UNESCO World Heritage Sites—China's Chengde Mountain Resort, Japan's Shugakuin Imperial Villa, and South Korea's Changdeokgung—the study identifies similarities and differences in design elements, forms, and features across East Asian royal gardens. The approach not only facilitates the protection and inheritance of historical and cultural heritage but also offers a reference for modern garden research.

Liang, Y., & He, S. (2024). A Comparative Study of the Design of East Asian Royal Gardens. Buildings, 14(11), 3557. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14113557