Bone Histology Reveals the Slow Life History and Skeletal Adaptations of the Amami Rabbit Pentalagus furnessi (Lagomorpha: Mammalia)

Bone histology of the Amami rabbit (Pentalagus furnessi) reveals its slow life history and unique skeletal adaptations, contrasting sharply with mainland lagomorphs. The study found that Amami rabbits exhibit rapid growth until about two years old, followed by gradual growth until five years, when bone growth ceases due to epiphyseal closure. This delayed maturation aligns with K-strategy reproductive traits, suggesting a response to island ecological conditions characterized by limited predation and resources. Additionally, the Amami rabbit's dense limb bones with thick cortices and small medullary cavities indicate robustness suited for its steep, rugged habitat, differing from other lagomorphs adapted for leaping locomotion. The research used histological analysis of limb bones to uncover these growth patterns and ecological adaptations, providing insights into insular mammal evolution.

Hayashi, S., Kondo, K., Sawanaka, I., Araki, K., Mikami, K., Izawa, M., & Kubo, M. O. (2025). Bone Histology Reveals the Slow Life History and Skeletal Adaptations of the Amami Rabbit Pentalagus furnessi (Lagomorpha: Mammalia). Mammal Study, 50(2), 171–184. https://doi.org/10.3106/ms2024-0064