Príspevok k budovaniu opevnení po mongolskom vpáde na Spiši

New archaeological research on Spiš, Slovakia, reveals that fortifications at Spišský Hrad, previously attributed to the Jiskra family of the 15th century, were actually constructed around mid-13th century in response to the Mongol invasion of 1241. This challenges prior historical interpretations and provides insights into the systematic fortification strategies implemented by the Árpád dynasty across Hungary during the late 13th to early 14th centuries. The study utilizes modern conservation research methods, archival analysis, and interdisciplinary collaboration to examine fortifications at Spišský Hrad, Spišská Kapitula, and Levoča, including unique structures like towers, defensive walls, and a possible refuge in the lower courtyard. These findings offer a clearer understanding of the fortified church settlement of Spišská Kapitula and the fortified town of Levoča, home to the Spiš SAS Community.

Janovská, M., & Olejník, V. (2015). Príspevok k budovaniu opevnení po mongolskom vpáde na Spiši. Archaeologia Historica, (2), 613–637. https://doi.org/10.5817/ah2015-2-14