Exchange and Trade between the Northern Black Sea Region and the Eastern Mediterranean in the 3rd Millennium BC

A significant trade network linked the Northern Black Sea region and the Eastern Mediterranean during the 3rd millennium BC, with Troy serving as a key intermediary hub. The study reveals that settlements like Matviyivske (Ingul culture) and Liventsivsky I (Don River delta) were strategically positioned near coastal regions, facilitating maritime trade routes. Evidence includes artifacts such as dolphin bones in Matviyivka 1, Egyptian scarabs near Melitopol, and a treasure trove from Sadove, Crimea, containing items of Anatolian, Trojan, and Northern Black Sea origin. The research employs space geography theory, system approaches, and comparative historical methods to demonstrate that Troy played a pivotal role in supplying goods from the Eastern Mediterranean to the Black Sea region, fostering close exchange relations between these areas.

Pustovalov, S. (2019). Exchange and Trade between the Northern Black Sea Region and the Eastern Mediterranean in the 3rd Millennium BC. Bulletin of Kyiv National University of Culture and Arts. Series in Museology and Monumental Studies, 2(1), 59–70. https://doi.org/10.31866/2617-7943.2.1.2019.172520