3D finite element coupled analysis model for geotechnical and complex structural problems of historic masonry structures: conservation of Abu Serga church, Cairo, Egypt

A novel 3D finite element (FE) coupled analysis model reveals the damage mechanisms in historic masonry structures, such as Abu Serga church in Cairo, caused by differential settlement and flooding. The study, using PLAXIS 3D FE modeling with a Mohr–Coulomb soil plasticity approach, demonstrates how self-weight loading from ancient structures interacts with fully-saturated soft clays, leading to structural stress and volumetric soil behavior changes. Findings highlight critical geotechnical challenges threatening cultural heritage sites like Abu Serga, the oldest Coptic church in Egypt, built on the Holy Family's crypt. The research proposes inter-organizational retrofitting solutions to mitigate these risks, offering a scalable model for conserving similar at-risk structures worldwide.

Hemeda, S. (2019). 3D finite element coupled analysis model for geotechnical and complex structural problems of historic masonry structures: conservation of Abu Serga church, Cairo, Egypt. Heritage Science, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40494-019-0248-z