Thermal Comfort Characteristic of 5 Patterns of a Persian Garden in a Hot-Arid Climate of Shiraz, Iran

A Persian garden's design significantly impacts thermal comfort in hot-arid climates, such as Shiraz, Iran. Research demonstrates that the End.E-W pattern, featuring strategically placed pavilions, mitigates heat stress more effectively than other patterns by reducing mean radiant temperature (Tmrt) and Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET). This is achieved through altering shortwave radiation and sky view factor, which prevents intense afternoon sun exposure on pathways. The study used Envi-met 3.1 for environmental simulations and the Rayman model to calculate PET, revealing that orientation and pavilion placement are critical in enhancing thermal comfort in urban parks.

Ojaghlou, M., & Khakzand, M. (2019). Thermal Comfort Characteristic of 5 Patterns of a Persian Garden in a Hot-Arid Climate of Shiraz, Iran. Journal of Landscape Ecology, 12(3), 1–33. https://doi.org/10.2478/jlecol-2019-0016