Hydrodynamic modelling and characterisation of a shallow fluvial lake: a study on the Superior Lake of Mantua

A numerical modeling framework reveals that the Superior Lake of Mantua, a shallow fluvial lake in Northern Italy, experiences significant water stagnation due to low winds, reduced summer discharges, and extensive lotus flower meadows. The model estimates circulation modes, water residence times, and surface wave parameters under ordinary, storm, and drought conditions, highlighting the hydrodynamic influence of a newly-opened secondary outlet. It also assesses how wind stress, canopy flow resistance, and wave-current interactions shape lake dynamics, offering insights into potential biochemical impacts.

Fenocchi, A., & Sibilla, S. (2016). Hydrodynamic modelling and characterisation of a shallow fluvial lake: a study on the Superior Lake of Mantua. Journal of Limnology. https://doi.org/10.4081/jlimnol.2016.1378