Species distribution models predict the geographic expansion of an enzootic amphibian pathogen

A significant geographic expansion of the enzootic amphibian pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) has been identified in Costa Rica, with its distribution increasing by 60% since early 2000s estimates. This expansion includes highlands and dry lowlands previously considered unsuitable for Bd. The study, which combined histological and PCR detection methods across 451 Bd-positive records from 34 localities, revealed that Bd is widespread in protected lands (80%) and within regions of high amphibian richness and endemism. It also highlighted deficiencies in opportunistic sampling, particularly in the Talamanca Range, Nicoya Peninsula, and northern lowlands, while PCR detection proved more effective in identifying Bd hotspots on the Caribbean side. These findings enhance understanding of disease spread during enzootics and can guide mitigation efforts for future outbreaks.

Zumbado‐Ulate, H., García‐Rodríguez, A., & Searle, C. L. (2020). Species distribution models predict the geographic expansion of an enzootic amphibian pathogen. Biotropica, 53(1), 221–231. Portico. https://doi.org/10.1111/btp.12863