Evaluation of noninvasive genetic sampling methods for cougars in Yellowstone National Park

Noninvasive genetic sampling (NGS) using snow tracking proved to be an efficient and reliable method for monitoring cougar populations in Yellowstone National Park, outperforming traditional hair snare techniques. Over three years, snow tracking yielded more samples at a lower cost, accurately identifying and sexing 22 individuals with high success rates, particularly for males (0.77–0.88). While female capture probabilities varied (0.42 in 2004 vs. 0.88 in 2005), snow tracking demonstrated potential for demographic monitoring of cougars and other carnivores in similar climates. This study highlights NGS as a logistically feasible alternative to invasive methods, offering scalable solutions for wildlife conservation.

Sawaya, M. A., Ruth, T. K., Creel, S., Rotella, J. J., Stetz, Jeffrey. B., Quigley, H. B., & Kalinowski, S. T. (2011). Evaluation of noninvasive genetic sampling methods for cougars in Yellowstone National Park. The Journal of Wildlife Management, 75(3), 612–622. Portico. https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.92