Spatio-Temporal Distribution of Monarch Butterflies Along Their Migratory Route

A first predictive model of monarch butterfly distributions along their migratory route reveals critical seasonal patterns and habitat suitability, offering new insights for conservation efforts. The study found that suitable habitats expand significantly during North American reproduction months (June to September) but shrink dramatically during overwintering (December to February). Edaphic variables, such as vegetation and floral resources, emerged as key factors in 11 of 12 months, underscoring the importance of nectar-rich plants. The research compiled georeferenced records from Mexico, USA, and Canada, using habitat suitability models (HSM) with abiotic, edaphic, and topographic data to identify high-priority areas for conservation actions like pesticide reduction and road safety measures.

Castañeda, S., Botello, F., Sánchez-Cordero, V., & Sarkar, S. (2019). Spatio-Temporal Distribution of Monarch Butterflies Along Their Migratory Route. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2019.00400