Flood Hazard Mapping and Assessment on the Angkor World Heritage Site, Cambodia

A new flood hazard index (FHI) model identifies nine Angkor monuments at risk from potential flooding, with the highest threats concentrated near the West Baray but not directly impacting core archaeological zones. Moderate-to-high hazard areas, covering 19.4 km² or 9.13% of the core zone, pose significant risks to sites along the Siem Reap and Roluos rivers and Tonle Sap Lake's flooded regions. The study combined GIS with synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data to analyze historical floods (2007–2013), using four key indices weighted via the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Delphi method. While the buffer zone remains low-risk, this approach offers a scalable framework for assessing flood threats at other Southeast Asian heritage sites.

Liu, J., Xu, Z., Chen, F., Chen, F., & Zhang, L. (2019). Flood Hazard Mapping and Assessment on the Angkor World Heritage Site, Cambodia. Remote Sensing, 11(1), 98. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11010098