Deep Pools: Ecological Sanctuaries for Steindachneridion melanodermatum, a Large Endemic and Endangered Pimelodid of the Iguaçu River

Research identifies deep pools as critical ecological sanctuaries for Steindachneridion melanodermatum, the largest and most endangered catfish species endemic to the Lower Iguaçu River basin. The study, conducted between 2010 and 2016, found that 180 specimens were concentrated in 24 deep pools, with a notable preference for Poço Preto (P23) near Iguaçu Falls within Iguaçu National Park. Hydroacoustic surveys and fishing campaigns revealed that these deep habitats, ranging from 5 to 25 meters, are essential for the survival of this species, which has been decimated by habitat loss due to hydroelectric dams. The findings underscore the urgent need for conservation measures, including designating deep pools as protected sanctuaries, enforcing anti-poaching regulations, and preserving dam-free tributaries to prevent the extinction of S. melanodermatum.

Assumpção, L. d., Makrakis, M. C., Silva, J. F. M. d., Moraes, K. A. S. d., Pini, S. F. R., Silva, P. S. d., Kashiwaqui, E. A. L., Gentil, E., Souza-Shibatta, L., Shibatta, O. A., & Makrakis, S. (2021). Deep Pools: Ecological Sanctuaries for Steindachneridion melanodermatum, a Large Endemic and Endangered Pimelodid of the Iguaçu River. Water, 13(12), 1700. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13121700