Ecological Wisdom and Inspiration Underlying the Planning and Construction of Ancient Human Settlements: Case Study of Hongcun UNESCO World Heritage Site in China

Hongcun, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in China, exemplifies ecological wisdom in human settlement design by integrating natural systems into its planning and construction. This integration enhances ecosystem services such as microclimate regulation, rainwater runoff management, water conservation, and aesthetic landscape engagement. The study validates the Human-Natural Intergraded Ecological Planning (HNIEP) model, demonstrating how Hongcun's unique approach fosters harmonious coexistence between humans and nature through rational use of ecosystem structures and processes. These findings offer valuable insights for contemporary urban and rural planning, emphasizing the importance of coupling human activities with natural ecosystems to promote sustainable development.

Zheng, S., Han, B., Wang, D., & Ouyang, Z. (2018). Ecological Wisdom and Inspiration Underlying the Planning and Construction of Ancient Human Settlements: Case Study of Hongcun UNESCO World Heritage Site in China. Sustainability, 10(5), 1345. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10051345