Geological And Morphological Evolution of The Socotra Archipelago (Yemen) from the Biogeographical View

The Socotra Archipelago's geological and morphological evolution has significantly influenced its biogeographical development. Research indicates that the last substantial uplift of the Haggier Mountains on Socotra occurred at the end of the Miocene Epoch (9-6 Ma BP), potentially enabling species migration across narrowed channels. This uplift, combined with periodic sea level changes during the Quaternary Period, exposed parts of the Socotra platform, facilitating biota dispersal. However, persistent channels in the Brothers basin acted as barriers, preventing modern species invasion and contributing to the archipelago's unique biota differences. The study integrates geological data from the Gulf of Aden to reconstruct terrestrial migration pathways, providing insights into the archipelago's isolation and its implications for biodiversity.

Culek, M. (2013). Geological And Morphological Evolution of The Socotra Archipelago (Yemen) from the Biogeographical View. Journal of Landscape Ecology, 6(3), 84–108. https://doi.org/10.2478/jlecol-2014-0005