Types of Architectural Compositions of komainu Guardian Lions of Sengen (Asama) Shrines

Research on the architectural compositions of komainu, guardian lion sculptures at Sengen (Asama) shrines, reveals that over half exhibit hybrid styles blending 'edo'-kotori and 'edo'-tamatori elements, challenging existing stylistic classifications. This diversity may stem from the influence of Fuji (Fujiko) faith, supported by unique komainu found in Fujizukas. The study categorizes komainu into three distinct types based on compositions: one featuring a seated lion with a grinning expression and a paw resting on a lion cub or ball; another mounted on fujizuka-shaped mounds, illustrating the proverb Shishi-no-ko-otoshi; and a third, simpler type where one lion growls. Variations within these types were identified across multiple prefectures, including inversions where the lion cub is part of the left sculpture. The research provides insights into the cultural and religious significance of komainu in Sengen shrines.

Cantacuzene, V. (2026). Types of Architectural Compositions of komainu Guardian Lions of Sengen (Asama) Shrines. International Journal of Architecture, Arts and Applications, 12(3), 109–116. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijaaa.20261203.11